题目

翻译下列句子，注意使用词性转换法。1. The rotation of the earth on its own axis causes the change from day to night.2. He used to be a good eater and a good sleeper, but now he is not at all because of great responsibility for his leading position.3. Some knowledge about the structure and history of Chinese characters is helpful for your study of the language.4. The dust, the uproar, and the growing darkness threw everything into chaos.5. After several blocks, he found an empty park bench.6. He's on the phone.7. The soldiers worked long hours everyday on meager food, in cold caves, by dim lamps.

翻译下列句子，注意使用词性转换法。 1. The rotation of the earth on its own axis causes the change from day to night. 2. He used to be a good eater and a good sleeper, but now he is not at all because of great responsibility for his leading position. 3. Some knowledge about the structure and history of Chinese characters is helpful for your study of the language. 4. The dust, the uproar, and the growing darkness threw everything into chaos. 5. After several blocks, he found an empty park bench. 6. He's on the phone. 7. The soldiers worked long hours everyday on meager food, in cold caves, by dim lamps.

题目解答

答案

1. 地球绕其轴自转导致了昼夜的更替。（或：地球的自转引起了昼夜的变化。） 2. 他过去是食量大、睡得香，但现在因为担任领导职务所肩负的重任，他一点也不再是这样了。（或：他现在既不好好吃，也不好好睡。） 3. 了解一些汉字的结构和历史对你的语言学习很有帮助。（或：关于汉字结构和历史的一些知识对你的语言学习很有帮助。） 4. 尘土、喧嚣和逐渐加深的黑暗使一切陷入混乱。（或：尘土、喧闹声和越来越暗的天色把一切都弄得乱七八糟。） 5. 走了几条街区后，他发现了一个空的公园长椅。（或：走了几条街后，他找到了一个空着的公园长椅。） 6. 他正在打电话。（或：他在通话中。） 7. 士兵们每天长时间工作，吃着简陋的食物，住在寒冷的洞穴里，借着昏暗的灯光。（或：士兵们每天工作时间很长，吃的是粗劣的食物，住在寒冷的洞穴里，点着昏暗的灯。） （任意一种合理翻译均可接受。）

解析

本题主要考查英语句子的翻译，重点在于运用词性转换法，同时要准确理解句子的含义，结合中文表达习惯进行翻译。

  1. “The rotation of the earth on its own axis causes the change from day to night.”
    • “rotation”是名词，可转换为动词“自转”；“causes”是动词，可转换为“导致”；“change”是名词，可转换为“更替”“变化”。所以句子可译为“地球绕其轴自转导致了昼夜的更替。（或：地球的自转引起了昼夜的变化。）”
  2. “He used to be a good eater and a good sleeper, but now he is not at all because of great responsibility for his leading position.”
    • “a good eater”和“a good sleeper”可转换为“食量大”“睡得香”；“is not at all”可转换为“一点也不再是这样”。所以句子可译为“他过去是食量大、睡得香，但现在因为担任领导职务所肩负的重任，他一点也不再是这样了。（或：他现在既不好好吃，也不好好睡。）”
  3. “Some knowledge about the structure and history of Chinese characters is helpful for your study of the language.”
    • “knowledge”是名词，可转换为“了解”；“is helpful for”可转换为“对……有帮助”。所以句子可译为“了解一些汉字的结构和历史对你的语言学习很有帮助。（或：关于汉字结构和历史的一些知识对你的语言学习很有帮助。）”
  4. “The dust, the uproar, and the growing darkness threw everything into chaos.”
    • “dust”是名词，可转换为“尘土”；“uproar”是名词，可转换为“喧嚣”“喧闹声”；“growing darkness”可转换为“逐渐加深的黑暗”“越来越暗的天色”；“threw...into chaos”可转换为“使……陷入混乱”“把……弄得乱七八糟”。所以句子可译为“尘土、喧嚣和逐渐加深的黑暗使一切陷入混乱。（或：尘土、喧闹声和越来越暗的天色把一切都弄得乱七八糟。）”
  5. “After several blocks, he found an empty park bench.”
    • “blocks”是名词，可转换为“街区”“街道”；“found”是动词，可转换为“发现”“找到”；“empty”是形容词，可转换为“空的”“空着的”。所以句子可译为“走了几条街区后，他发现了一个空的公园长椅。（或：走了几条街后，他找到了一个空着的公园长椅。）”
  6. “He's on the phone.”
    • “on the phone”是固定短语，可转换为“正在打电话”“在通话中”。所以句子可译为“他正在打电话。（或：他在通话中。）”
  7. “The soldiers worked long hours everyday on meager food, in cold caves, by dim lamps.”
    • “worked”是动词，可转换为“工作”；“meager food”可转换为“简陋的食物”“粗劣的食物”；“cold caves”可转换为“寒冷的洞穴”；“dim lamps”可转换为“昏暗的灯光”“昏暗的灯”。所以句子可译为“士兵们每天长时间工作，吃着简陋的食物，住在寒冷的洞穴里，借着昏暗的灯光。（或：士兵们每天工作时间很长，吃的是粗劣的食物，住在寒冷的洞穴里，点着昏暗的灯。）”