If it had not been for the freedom and that the internet allows, we could not communicate with each other so well.A. consciousnessB. openC. agreeablenessD. openness

I became interested in exploring ideas triggered ____ by real events, through the medium of photography.

【题目】POWERING T HE PLANETA Despite modern society's heavy dependence onfossil fuels for energy, most people are aware that the supply of these fuels is finite. As oil and other fossil fuels become more costly and difficult to find, researchers are looking at alternative energy sources, including solar, wind, and even nuclear power. But which substitute-if any-is the right one?SolarB Solar panels catch energy directly from the sun and convert it into electricity. One of the world's largest solar power stations is in the Indian state ofT amil Nadu, where more than 2.5 million solar pan(hac)/(OO^2)else the capacity to generate enough power for 7500 people. But unlike the burning of fossil fuels, the process used to create all that solar energy produces no emissions.C T oday, however, solar power provides less than 2 percent of the world's energy, primarily becausethe cost of the panels is still very high. But price isonly one issue. Clouds and darkness also cause solarpanels to produce less energy. T his requires that additional power sources (such as batteries) be available.D Some scientists think the solution to this problem can be found in space, which is the ideal place to gather energy from the sun. With no clouds and no nighttime, a space-based solar power station couldoperate constantly. T hese stations would send the power back to Earth, which could then be turned into electricity for consumption. Advocates of solar space stations say this technology would initially require a lot of money, but eventually it could provide continuous, clean energy that would be cheaper than other fuels. Also, unlike other energy sources, solar power from space would last as long as the sun shines, and would guarantee everyone on Earth all the energy theyneed.WindE Wind-the fastest-growing alternative energy source-is another way of collecting energy from thesun. Wind is caused by the sun's heat rather than its light. T herefore, unlike solar power, wind power works well even on cloudy days.F All over the world, incentives designed to decrease the dependence on oil and coal have led to a steep increase in wind-powered energy. T oday, Asia leads the world in wind power, producing around 230,000 megawatts, the equivalent of 230 large coal-powered plants. Europe produces nearly 180, 000 megawatts. North America remains a distant third, at 105, 000.G Despite its successes, some people are protesting wind-power development, saying the turbines are both noisy and ugly. Just outside England's Lake District-a protected national park-a dozen existing windtowers are due to be removed. "T his is a high-quality landscape, " says one local homeowner. "T hey shouldn't be putting those things in here."H There are other challenges, too. If the winddoesn't blow, the turbines are not able to produce adequate energy. As a result, other power sources are needed. In contrast, a strong wind can create too muchpower. In cases like this, the energy company must sell the extra power at a much-reduced rate, which isnot good for business.I What's needed for both wind and solar is a way to store a large energy surplus. However, most systems are still decades away from making this a reality. On the plus side, both wind and solar power enable people to generate their own energy where they live: people can have their own windmills or solar panels, with batteries for calm days.NuclearJ In the 1970s, nuclear power was seen as themain energy alternative. Nuclear power produces vastamounts of electricity more cheaply than gas or coal,with no carbon emissions. For a number of years inthe 1980s and '90s, however, use of nuclear power declined due to accidents, concerns about nuclear wastestorage and disposal, and high construction costs.K T oday, times are changing. Worldwide, about450 plants generate 11 percent of the planet's electric power, and some countries have invested heavily innuclear energy. France, for instance, gets three-quarters of its electricity from nuclear power, the highestpercentage of any country. China has started to build one or two new plants a year, and India has alsobegun to utilize nuclear energy on a large scale.L However, there are still concerns about the safety of nuclear power, as seen, for example, at the Fukushima nuclear power plant in Japan. The country had to close the nuclear reactors at Fukushima when the plant was hit by a tsunami and, as a consequence, began releasing substantial amounts of radioactive materials. Many still believe, however, that nuclear power is one of the future's greenest energy alternatives.M In the end, are any of these sources alone theanswer to our current energy problems? The short answer is no, but used in some combination-along with other power sources-we may find ways to reduceand eventually eliminate our dependence on fossil fuels.(1) What is this reading mainly about?A. possible replacements for fossil fuelsB. the various causes of the global energy crisisC. the benefits of solar power over other alternative energy sourcesD. problems caused by our overdependence on fossil fuels(2) Which of these statements about solar energy isstated in the text?A. Solar is currently the biggest contributor to theworld's energy.B. Solar energy is cheap to produce due to the low price of solar panels.C. Solar space stations could be the solution to the energy crisis.D. Solar energy can have a harmful effect on the environment.(3) What is NOT mentioned as a disadvantage ofwind power?A. Strong winds can produce too much power.B. Strong winds can damage the turbines.C. T he turbines can create a lot of noise.D. Some people consider the turbines to be ugly.(4) Which country gets most of its power from nuclear power?A.FranceB. IndiaC.JapanD.China(5) Which question is closest in meaning to In the end, are any of these sources alone the answer toour current energy problems? (paragraph M)A. Is there an energy source that can solve all ofour energy problems on its own?B. Can our current energy problems be solved bymaking sure we stop burning fossil fuel?C. Can we solve our energy problems by using allthe alternative energy sources together?D. Is finding an alternate to fossil fuels the onlyway to solve our energy problems?

Extremely open people are more ______ to paranoia and delusions because they may actually see reality differently. A open B ready C likely D prone

二、 阅读理解（共 4 题）11. At the beginning of the century there was a big farm called Hollywood Ranch. It was near LosAngeles in California. A few years later Hollywood was one of the famous places of the world.From 1910s to the 1950s Hollywood was the film center of the world. Every family knew thenames of its film stars Charlie Chaplin, Grete Garbo, Bergman and hundreds more.The reason why people went to Hollywood to make films was the sun. At first people madefilms in New York on the east coast of the United States. But then they heard about LosAngeles where there are 350 days of sun every year. As they made all the films by sunlight,the west coast was a much better place to work.Also near Hollywood you can find mountains and sea and desert. They did not have to travelfar to make any kind o filmWhen TV became popular in the 1960s, Hollywood started making films for television. Thenin 1970s they discovered people still went to cinema to see big expensive films. After twentyyears they are still making films in Hollywood and people watch them all over the world.【1】Hollywood used to be a .A.cinema B.big farmC.park D.market【2】Who was not mentioned as a film star in the passage?A.Charlie Chaplin. B.Marilyn MonroeC.Ingrid Bergman D.Greta Garbo.【3】People went to Hollywood to make films because .A.it was a beautiful place B.you could find many film starsC.there was a lot of sunlight there D.it was a famous place【4】Which statement is true?A.The west coast was a better place to make films.B.There are no mountains near Hollywood.C.People no longer went to the cinema after television became popular.D.Hollywood began to make films for television before the First World War. 12. Coca-Cola has created a publicity stunt (作秀) in Singapore — a vending machine (自动售货机) which gives out free cans of Coke in return for (作为对…回报) hugs. Thewhackyidea is partof the company’s Open Haziness campaign (运动) designed to attract young people in Singapore.Students at the National University of Singapore were surprised to find that the soft drinkscompany had placed the machine in the schoolyard. But instead of the drinks brand’s logo (标志), the words “Hug Me” are written across its red-and-white logo. Instead of paying money,customers have to hug the drinks machine to receive a free can of Coke.Public displays of affection are uncommon and have long been discouraged in Singapore, butare on the rise among young people. The move is part of a campaign created by advertisingfirm Ogilvy & Mather, intended to let the youth to see the brand as a non-threatening (无威胁的) friend.Leonardo O’Grady, leader of the campaign, said, “Happiness is contagious ( 传染的). TheCoca-Cola Hug Machine is a single idea to spread some happiness. We want to spreadhappiness in an unexpected, creative way to attract not only the people present, but theaudience at large.”He hopes that it will encourage consumers to bring positivity, optimism (乐观) and fun intotheir lives and to open a Coke, sharing a little happiness.The machines haw been such a success that there are plans to roll them out across Asia. Mr.O’Grady added, “The reaction was amazing — at one point we had four to five peoplehugging the machine at the same time as well as each other! In fact, there was a long line ofpeople looking to give hugs.”【1】The underlined word “whacky” in Paragraph 1 can be replaced by “ ”.A.free B.strangeC.uncertain D.traditional【2】What was the purpose of the campaign?A.To help sell more Coca-Cola drinks.B.To display the famous logo of Coca-Cola.C.To tell the young Coca-Cola is their friend.D.To show Coca-Cola is especially generous. (慷慨的)【3】Leonardo O’Grady thinks that .A.the Coca-Cola Hug Machine is the best advertisementB.the Coca-Cola Hug Machine can spread happinessC.the Coca-Cola Hug Machine should be open only to the studentsD.people who enjoy the campaign would buy more Coca-Cola drinks【4】What can we infer from the passage?A.The campaign has achieved good results.B.The campaign has cost Coca-Cola much money.C.The Coca-Cola Hug Machines will be seen worldwide.D.Coca-Cola concentrates more on (更加关注) sharing happiness than on sales. 13. You’re rushing to work and a man ahead of you collapses (跌倒) on the sidewalk. Do you stopto help? In astudy of by-standers, it was found that some peopleavert their gazeand keep on walking ratherthan stop and get involved. “There is a tendency to decide that no action is needed.” says apsychologist. “The first thoughts that pop into (进入) your mind often keep you from offeringhelp. In order to take action, you have to work against them.” Here are some commonthoughts that might prevent you from helping.◆ Why should I be the one? I’m probably not the most competent ( 有能力的) person in thiscrowd. You might think someone older or with more medical knowledge should offerassistance (帮助).◆ What if he doesn’t really need my help? The fear of embarrassment is powerful; no onewants to risk looking foolish in front of others.◆ No one else looks concerned-this must not be a problem. We can follow the people aroundus, but most people tend to hold back their emotions in public.“If you spot (发现) trouble and find yourself explaining inaction, force yourself to stop andevaluate the situation instead of walking on,” says the psychologist. “Then retry to involveother people; you don’t have to take on the entire responsibility of being helpful. Sometimesit’s just a matter of turning to the person next to you and saying, “It looks like we should dosomething.” Or asking someone if an ambulance has been called and, if not, to call for one.Once you take action, most people will follow you.”【1】Which is NOT the common thought that stops you from helping others?A.I’m not the very person capable of setting the problem.B.It looks like we should do something.C.It can not be a problem as no one else is concerned.D.The doesn’t really need my help.【2】According to a study of by-standers, what will some people do when a man ahead fallsdown on the sidewalk?A.They will call for help and then walk away.B.They will stop and offer help.C.They will look in other direction and go on walking.D.They will risk laughing at the helper.【3】The undefined words “avert their gaze” in Paragraph 1 probably means .A.fix their eyes on (关注) somethingB.pay close attention to somethingC.stare at (盯着看) somethingD.turn their eyes away from something 14. Nearly all of us have a bad habit, whether we know it or not. Some people say they want to getrid of (去除) it but don’t know the proper ways. Here’s some advice on how to get rid of badhabits.Make a list. Write down all the reasons why you want to stop a certain behavior, how it’shurting you and why to get rid of it, this will help a lot. Look at that list regularly.Join in other activities. It’s wise of you to do something else when you want to stop your badhabit. If you get angry easily, for example, you can practice having a deep breath or going fora walk.Give yourself a present. Before you take action against a bad habit, decide what you’ll do tocelebrate it if you reach your goal.Keep off bad habits. If you are fat and want to lose weight, keep junk food out of your house.If you are a heavy smoker with coffee, turn to tea and keep away from friends who likesmoking.Be patient. Bad habits develop over years, so you probably won’t be able to get rid of themquickly. In fact, people often give up several times before being successful, so you should bepatient.Find support. Don’t be afraid to ask for support from friends, family or other people who havethe same bad habits as you. When you talk to others, they might be able to provide advice orencouragement that you usually wouldn’t get from yourself.【1】The writer gives us pieces of advice in the passage.A.four B.fiveC.six D.seven【2】If you want to lose weight, you should .A.drink more coffeeB.refuse the junk foodC.find support from friendsD.find a heavy smoker【3】Which of the following is WRONG according to the passage?A.It’s not easy to get rid of bad habits in a short time.B.You can write down all the reasons for getting rid of bad habits.C.When talking to others, you can get what you can’t get from yourself.D.When you want to stop your bad habits, don’t do anything.【4】From the passage you can learn .A.how to get rid of bad habitsB.why we have some bad habitsC.what to do to have a bed habitD.where to find some support

Researchers asked 123 university students to complete a binocular rivalry test，____ they simultaneously saw a red image with one eye and a green image with the other eye for 2 minutes.（ ）A. whenB. of whichC. in whichD. that

People who _____ adventure may be open to new experiences and take in the information that other people may ignore.A. relish B. relieve C. review D. request

2 Comprehension Check-|||-2.1 Focusing on the main ideas-|||-Complete the following passage with key information from the text.-|||-In his 2003 speech at Rice University`s Energy &Nanotechnology Conference, the late Nobel Laureate-|||-Richard Smalley highlight the __ 10 problems for the next 50 years.In his list, __-|||-__ sits at the top,and water comes next.Now,with the price of solar power going down,the dawn-|||-of a new energy __ is just around the corner.As a result, __ is going to be the-|||-greatest challenge for humanity.-|||-But the water problem is __ First,unlike coal and oil,water can not be __-|||-__ Second,water is __ with every other sector of society.Third,while water demands are-|||-growing,climate change is intensifying droughts and floods and water supplies are __-|||-There are solutions,such as building water-transfer aqueducts,hydroelectric dams,and desalination-|||-plants.But they may be incredibly __ It will __ for scientists to find affordable-|||-solutions to the water problem.Before that, everyone should do his or her bit to __ water.