CI plan to remember this year's vacation season with just two words: NEVER AGAIN. Never again, that is, will I take all my technology along. The Internet has ruined summer vacations.Instead of reading dog-eared summerhouse mystery novels, this year we browsed the Internet. Instead of long evenings of crossword puzzles or board games, we checked our Twitter feeds and updated our Facebook pages. And that, of course, is the problem with the Internet: It's so easy that, unless you're equipped with massive self-control, you use it if it's there.For several years, I kept my Internet addiction under control by using inconvenient technology: a laptop which is old and not in good condition and a slow dial-up connection. But this year, the combination of a new iPad and very good Wi-Fi turned out to be fatal. The magical iPad signaled silently from the picnic table: What harm could it be to give the e-mail a quick check? But once that attractive touch screen lights up, who can resist?I'm not the first to get lost across this problem, of course. I, m a late adopter. As early as 2008, Nicholas Carr, author of The Shallows: What the Internet Is Doing to Our Brains, was warning that broadband Internet was reducing our attention spans and making us stupid. The Web, he said, encourages us to get stuck into our "natural state of distractedness." Even before that, in 2000, Harvard's Robert Putnam warned that television-and, more broadly, staring into any kind of screen-had reduced the amount of time families spent in social interactions. And last year, researchers at UC-Irvine reported that employees who were unplugged from their e-mail got more work done-and experienced far less stress.Access to the Web is unquestionably a wonderful thing. I love having a bottomless library at my fingertips; I love having the world's newspapers on my electronic doorstep. I love being able to pay bills and make airplane reservations online. And, thanks to those ugly cell phone towers in the woods, we now have a way to call for help if we need an ambulance or a fire truck. It's also nice to have an app that identifies the constellations (星座)when you hold the iPad up to the night sky. But then, you have to remember to put the screen down and simply drink in the stars-the original, uncut version.And that's the point: It's important not to let the convenience of the Internet get in the way of simpler beauties. It's our fault instead of the Internet, for failing to control the urge to browse. My problem is learning how to limit the time I spend on it. So now I have one more thing to look forward to next summer: More time reading old novels; more time playing crossword puzzles and chasing frogs. Next year, I promise to unplug. Except, of course, when we need to find a new bike trail, or Google a recipe for wild blueberry pie.1Throughout the passage, what evidence does the author provide to support the claims he makes in paragraph 2? A.Scientific studies and statistics about Internet use.B. Historical facts regarding the effects of television and the Internet.C. Personal accounts and opinions of those who have studied the Internet.D. Results of opinion polls about Internet use.2 According to the passage, how does the writer keep himself from getting addicted to the Internet? A. By using outdated laptops with poor Internet access.B. By only giving the e-mail a quick look.C. By keeping the electronic devices out of reach.D. By accessing new iPad and good Wi-Fi.3In the article, UC-Irvine research functions as __________ . A. a personal account that illustrates an idea about social lifeB. a restatement of the author's main argumentC. historical context to allow the reader to understand the article's settingD. evidence to support a point made by Nicolas Carr4Which of the following statement will the author probably agree to? A. people should not rely simply on the Internet to provide them with news and other informationB. people can have meaningful vacations only if they leave all electronic devices at homeC. although the Internet is often useful, it can become addictive and prevent human interactionD. even though there are some good things about the Internet, overall it has affected civilization for the worse

1 Before I start, I ask you to imagine a scene. You have been assigned by your boss to make a presentation about your recent project, and you are determined to make it a success. After all, it's a great chance for you to showcase yourself and catch attention. You sit up all night preparing for it. The next day, when you arrive at the meeting room, you see it's filled with expectant audience — your colleagues, supervisors, and boss. Your presentation is all ready to go. You feel good. As you begin your PowerPoint presentation, you can even visualize the celebrating crowds in your office.2 Then suddenly, you notice a silence. You wonder why. As you turn to look at your PowerPoint screen, you are hit by the simple spelling errors on it! You feel bad. Throughout the whole presentation, you are embarrassed and apologize each time a spelling error occurs. The presentation turns out to be a failure.3 In real life, people want to succeed in things they do. So, they make every effort to grasp the big things. They assume that as long as they take care of the big things, everything else will fall into place on its own. That assumption is not true while the film is on.3. What are the language features of the speech? In particular, what types of words and sentence structures are mainly used? What rhetorical devices can be found?

At the time we couldn't have _____ the result of our campaigning.（ ）A. promptedB. provokedC. encouragedD. anticipated

17.It's no __ that startups start around universities, because that s where smart people meet. A use B guarantee C need D coincidence

The researchers, from the Graduate Center of the City University of New York, said the biggest _ to community college students in going on to obtain a bachelor's degree is lost credits.A. misconceptionB. exceptionC. obstacleD. ambition

Set Your Body’s Time ClockOur Body Operates Like a Clock As the first rays of sunlight filter over the hills of California’s Silicon Valley, Charles Winget opens his eyes. It is barely 5 a.m., but Winget is raring (渴望) to go. Meanwhile, his wife pulls up the covers and buries her face under,the pillow. "For the past fifteen years," says Winget, "We’ve hardly ever gotten up together." The Wingets’ situation is not uncommon. Our bodies operate with the complexity of clocks, and like clocks, we all run at slightly different speeds. Winget is a morning person. His wife is not at her best until after nightfall. Behavioral scientists long attributed such differences to personal eccentricities or early conditioning. This thinking was challenged in the late 1950s by a theory labeled chronobiology by physician-biologist Franz Halberg. In a Harvard University laboratory, Dr. Halberg found that certain blood cells varied predictably in number, depending on the time of day they were drawn from the body. The cell count was higher at a given time of day and lower 12 hours later. He also discovered that the same patterns could be detected in heart and metabolic rates and body temperature. Halberg’s explanation: instead of performing at a steady, unchanging rate, our systems function on an approximately 25-hour cycle. Sometimes we are accelerating, sometimes slowing down. We achieve peak efficiency for only a limited time each day. Halberg dubbed these bodily cadences "circadian rhythms". Much of the leading work in chronobiology is sponsored today by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Charles Winget, a NASA research physiologist and authority on circadian rhythms, says that circadian principles have been applied to astronauts’ work schedules on most of the space-shuttle flights. The space-age research has many useful applications here on earth. Chronobiologists can tell you when to eat and still lose weight, what time of day you’re best equipped to handle the toughest chal- lenges, when to go to the dentist with your highest threshold of pain and when to exercise for maximum effect. Says Winget, "It’s a biological law of human efficiency: to achieve your best with the least effort, you have to coordinate the demands of your activities with your biological capacities."How to Figure Out Your Body’s Patterns Circadian patterns can be made to work for you. But you must first learn how to recognize them. Winget and his associates have developed the following approach to help you figure out your body’s patterns. Take your temperature one hour after getting up in the morning and then again at four-hour inter-vals throughout the day. Schedule your last reading as close to bedtime as possible. You should have five readings by the end of the day. Now add your first, third and fifth readings and record this total. Then add your second and fourth readings and subtract this figure from the first total. That number will be an estimate of your body tem- perature in the middle of the night -- consider it your sixth reading. Now plot all six readings on graph paper. The variations may seem minuscule (极小的)―only one-tenth of a degree in some cases -- but they are significant. You’ll probably find that your tempera- ture will begin to rise between 3 a.m. and 6 a.m., reaching a peak sometime in the late morning or early afternoon. By evening the readings start to drop. They will steadily decline, reaching their nadir (最低点) at around 2 a.m.Learn to Use Your Body’s Pattern Of course, individual variations make all the difference. At what hour is your body temperature on the rise When does it reach its highest point Its lowest7 Once you have familiarized yourself with you patterns, you can take advantage of chronobiology techniques to improve your health and productivity. We do our best physical work when our rhythms are at their peak. In most people, this peak lasts about four hours. Schedule your most tcvcing(费力的) activities when your temperature is highest. For mental activities, the timetable is more complicated. Precision tasks, such as mathematical work are best tackled when your temperature is on the rise. For most people, this is at 8 or 9 a.m. By contrast reading and reflection are better pursued between 2 and 4 p.m., the time when body temperature usually begins to fall. Breakfast should be your largest meal of the day for effective dieting. Calories burn faster one hour after we wake up than they do in the evening. During a six-year research project known as the Army Die Study, Dr. Halberg, chronobiologist Robert Sothern and research associate Erna Halberg monitored the food intake of two groups of men and women. Both ate only one 2000-calorie meal a day, but one group ate their meal at breakfast and the other at dinner. "All the subjects lost weight eating breakfast," states So- them. "Those who ate dinner either maintained or gained weight." If foods are processed differently at different times of day, certainly caffeine, alcohol and medicines will be too. Aspirin compounds, for example, have the greatest potency (力量) in the morning, between 7 and 8. (So does alcohol.) They are least effective between 6 p.m. and midnight. Caffeine has the most impact around 3 in the afternoon. Charles Walker, dean of the College of Pharmacy at Florida A M University, explains, "Stimulants are most effective when you are normally active, and sedatives (镇静物) work best when you’re naturally sedate or asleep." Knowing your rhythms can also help overcome sleep problems. Consult your body-temperature chart. Your bedtime should coincide with the point at which your temperature is lowest. This is between 11 p.m. and 2 a.m. for most people. Dr. Michael Thorpy of the Sleep-Wake Disorders Center at Montefiore Medical Center in New York City offers other circadian sleep tips: go to bed at the same time every night and get up at the same time every morning, even on weekends. "Irregularity in sleep and waking times is the greatest cause of sleep problems," Dr. Thorpy says. The best way to recover from a bad night’s sleep is simply to resume your normal cycle. Beware of sleeping pills. "Most sleeping pills won’t work for periods longer than two weeks," warns Dr. Thorpy. And there is real danger of drug accumulation in the blood. Visit a doctor or dentist as early in the day or as late in the evening as possible, since your highest pain threshold is between 8 p.m. and 8 a.m. Winget and fellow NASA chronobiologist Charles DeRoshia also offer advice to diminish the de- bilitating effects of jet lag: a week or so before departure begin adjusting your daily activities so that they ,coincide with the time schedule of your destination. Eat a small, high-protein, low-carbohydrate meal just before your trip. Get plenty of sleep in the days before your trip. In flight, eat very little, drink lots of water and avoid alcohol and caffeinated drinks. When you arrive, walk around, talk to people, try to adapt to your environment. Before retiring, have a light meal, high in carbohydrates. Take a warm bath. Knowing your body’s patterns is no guarantee of good health. But what chronobiology reveals is the importance of regularity in all aspects of your life and of learning to act in synchronization with your body’s natural rhythms.Charles Winget and his wife seldom get up together, because______. A. they both have sleeping problems B. they have different lifestyleC. they have different circadian patterns D. they go to work in different time

Section B-|||-Directions: In this section,you are going to read a passage with ten statements attuched to it Each statement-|||-conlains information give one of the paragraphs.ldentify the paragraph from which the information is-|||-derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once, Each paragruph is manked with letter.Answer-|||-the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.-|||-Reaping the Rewards of Risk-Taking-|||-A)Since Steven Jobs resigned as chief executive of Apple,much has been said about him as a peerless business leader-|||-who has created immense wealth for shareholders, and guided the design of hit products that are transforming-|||-entire industries, like music and mobile communications.-|||-B)All true,but let`s think different, to borrow the Apple marketing slogan of years back. Let`s look at Mr.Jobs as-|||-role model.-|||-C)Above all,he is an innovator(创新者).His creati force is seen in products such as the iPod,iPhone,and-|||-iPad,and in new business models for pricing and distributing music and mobile software online.Studies of-|||-innovation come to the same conclusion:you can`t engincer innovation, but you can increase the odds of it-|||-occurring.And Mr.Jobs`s career can be viewed as a consistent pursuit of improving those odds,both for himself-|||-and the companies be has led.Mr. Jobs,of course, has enjoyed singular succss. But innovation, broadly-|||-dcfined,is the crucial ingredicnt in all cconomi progress -higher growth for nations,more competitive products-|||-for companies, and more prosperous careers for individuals.And Mr.Jobs,many experts say,exemplifies what-|||-works in the innovation game.-|||-D)"We can look at and learn from Steve Jobs what the essence of American innovation is,"says John Kao,an-|||-innovation consultant to corporations and governme Many other nations,Mr.Kao notes,are now ahead of the-|||-United States in producing what are considered the raw materials of innovation.These include government-|||-financing for scientific research, national polici to support emerging industries, educational a-|||-engineers and scientists graduated,even the speeds of Internet broadband service.-|||-E)Yet what other nations typically lack,Mr.Kao adds, is a social environment that encourages diversity,-|||-experimentation,risk-taking,and combining skills from many fields into products that he calls"recombinant mash--|||-ups (带碎重组)," like the iPhone, which redefined the smartphone category."The culture of other countries-|||-doesn`t support the kind of innovation that Steve Jobs exemplifies,as America does,"Mr.John Kao says.-|||-F)Workers of every rank are told these days that wide-ranging curiosity and continuous learning are vital to thriving in-|||-the modern economy.Formal education matters,career counselors say,but real-life experience is often even more-|||-valuable.-|||-G)An adopted child,growing up in Silicon Valley, Mr.Jobs displayed those traits early on.He was fascinated by-|||-electronics as a child,building Heathkit do-it-y projects,like radios.Mr.Jobs dropped out of Reed College-|||-after only a semester and traveled around India in search of spiritual enlightenmen before returning to Silicon-|||-Valley to found Apple with his friend,Stephen Wozniak,an engineering wizard (奇才).Mr.Jobs was forced-|||-out of Apple in 1985,went off and founded two other companies,Next and Pixar,before returning to Apple in-|||-1996 and becoming chief executive in 1997.-|||-H)His path was unique, but innovation experts say the partern of exploratio is not unusual."It`s often people like-|||-Steve Jobs who can draw from a deep reservoir of diverse experiences that often generate breakthrou ideas and-|||-insights,"says Hal Gregersen,a professor at European Institute of Bus Administration.-|||-I)Mr.Gregersen is a co-author of a new book, The Innowator`s DNA which is hased on an eight-year study of 5,000-|||-entreprenewrs(创业者) and cxecutives worldwide. His two collaborators and co-authors are Jeff Dyer, a-|||-professor at Brigham Young University,and Clayton Christensen,a pro at the Harvard Business School,-|||-whose 1997 book The Innovator`s Dilemma popularized the concept of"disnprive(g覆性的)innovat-|||-J) The academics identify five traits that are common to the disnuptive innovatnrs questioning, experimentin-|||-abserving,associating and networking. Their bundle of characteristics cchoes the ceaseless curiosity and-|||-willingness to take risks noted by other experts. Networking, Mr.Hal Gregersen explains, i less about career-|||-building relationships th consistent search for new ideas. Associating,he adds, is the ability to make idea--|||-producing connections by linking concepts from different disciplines.-|||-K)Innovators engage in these mental activities regularly,"Mr. Gregersen says."It`s a habit for them."Innovative-|||-companics, according to the authors, typically enjoy higher valuations in the stock market,which they call an-|||-"mnoutionpreminm(if)." li by estimating the share of a company`s value that cannot be-|||-accounted for by its current products and cash flow.The innovation premium tries to quantify(量化)investors`-|||-bets that a company will do even better in the future because of innovation.-|||-L)Apple,by their calculations,had a 37 percent innovation premiu during Mr.Jobs`s first term with the company.-|||-His years in exile resulted in a 31 percent innovation discount. After his return,Apple`s fortunes improved-|||-gradually at first,and improved markedly starting in 2005,yielding a 52 percent innovation premium since then.-|||-M) There is no conclusive proof,but Mr.Hal Gregersen says it is unlikely that Mr.Jobs could have reshaped-|||-industries beyond computi as he has done in his second term at Apple,without the experience outside the-|||-company,especially at Pixar-the computer animation(动画制作)studio tha created a string of critically and-|||-commercially successuu mo such as"Toy Story"and"Up."-|||-N)Mr.Jobs suggested much the same thing during a commencement address to the graduating class at Stanford-|||-University in 2005."It tu out that getting fired from Apple was the best thing that could have ever happened-|||-to me," he told the students.Mr.Jobs also spoke of perseverance(坚持)and will power."Sometimes life hits-|||-you in the head with a brick," he said."Don`t lose faith."-|||-O)Mr.Jobs ended his commencement talk with a call to innovation,both in one`s choice of work and in one`s life.-|||-Be curious,experiment,tak risks,he said to the students.His advice was emphasized by the words on the back-|||-of the final edition of The Whole Earth Catalog,which he quoted:"Stay hungry.Stay foolish.""And,"Mr.-|||-Jobs said,"I have always wished that for myself.And now,as you graduate to begin anew,I wish that for you."-|||-46.Steve Jobs called on Stanford graduates to innovate in his commencement address-|||-47.Steve Jobs considered himself lucky to have been fired once by Apple.-|||-48.Steve Jobs once used computers to make movies that were commercial hits.-|||-49.Many governments have done more than the US government in providing the raw materials for innovation.-|||-50.Great innovator are good at connecting concep from various academic fields.-|||-51.Innovation is vital to driving economic progress,-|||-52.America has a social environment is particular favorable to innovation-|||-53.Innovative ideas often come from diverse experiences.-|||-54.Real-life experience is often more important than formal education for career success.-|||-55.Apple`s fortunes suffered from an innovation discount durin Jobs` absence.

5. I lacked the vocabulary, to ______ my feelings ______ words.A. attach ... toB. translate ... intoC. change ... intoD. apply ... to

Taking your pulse during physical activity allows you to measure how hard you are exercising． You should exercise to stay within your target heart range． • Use your index finger （食指） and middle finger． Don't use your thumb （拇指） -it has a pulse of its own． • Place these two fingers on your wrist， just below the base of the thumb． • Count the number of beats （pulses） for 15 seconds． • Take this number and multiply by 4 to find your heart rate in beats per minute． For example， if you count 25 beats， 25 x 4 = 100 beats per minute． Increasing your heart rate is a key part of exercise， but it is important that your heart rate is not too high or too low． If you are a beginner， you should also be able to breathe comfortably while exercising． This will ensure that you are exercising at a level that is safe and effective for your body． The chart below illustrates target heart rate ranges for exercise based on the maximal heart rate for selected ages． Here are the steps for using the chart： Measure your exercise heart rate in beats per minute （BPM）． Look at the chart． - Find your age． If your age falls between the ages listed， round up to the next older age listed． - Compare your heart rate to the target exercise range． • If you are doing moderate exercise， your heart rate should be closer to the 50% range． • If you are doing vigorous exercise， your heart rate should be closer to the 85% range． • Try to stay in the 50-85% range when exercising by increasing or decreasing exercise intensity．TARGET HEART RATE RANGES BASEDON AGE-|||-Target Heart Rate Zone-|||-50%-85%of Maximum Heart Rate-|||-50% 70% 85% Maximum Heart-|||-(BPM) (BPM) (BPM) Rate(BPM)-|||-100 140 170 200-|||-98 137 166 195-|||-95 133 162 190-|||-93 130 157 185-|||-90 126 153 180-|||-88 123 149 175-|||-85 119 145 170-|||-83 116 140 165-|||-80 112 136 160（1）Which of the following is TRUE？ ____ A． Exercise intensity can be reflected by a person's heart rate．B． The faster your heart rate is， the more effective the exercise is．C． Vigorous exercise will definitely present a threat to people's safety．D． The target exercise heart rate range for a 45-year-old is 90-149 BPM．（2）A 34-year-old man is running and the number of pulses he takes for 15 seconds is 40．His fitness coach had better tell him ____ ．A． "You are doing fine．"B． "You can run faster．"C． "You should slow down a bit．"D． "You should drink some water．"（3）What is the purpose of this passage？ ____ A． To advise people to form a habit of taking their pulses while exercising．B． To inform people of the target heart rate zone for those aged 60 and under．C． To tell people the importance of maintaining moderate amount of exercise．D． To show people how to measure heart rate to keep proper exercise intensity．

At campus job fairs, some students come away, disappointed at the few positions offered as employers have ______ recruiting budgets.A. hold backB. cut backC. set backD. bring back