Ruth isn‘ t very _ . She enjoys the simple things in life A. responsible B. weak C. organized D. ambitious

17【阅读理解】Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with no more than three words.(用不超过三个单词填 空) How to win at interviews Do you always feel nervous before interviews? Are you tired of being unsuccessful? Take our three-week online course and get ready to make a great impression at your next interview! This course covers everything you will need to succeed at interviews. First of all, you'll learn about how to prepare well and how to go about researching your company and position. The course also looks at how to deal with challenging questions and how to present your experience in the best possible way. The instructors on this course have years of experience in interviewing and teaching candidates how to perform well at interview. Charles Lambert is the author of the international best-selling book Interview Success Made Easy and Sue Kay teaches Business Studies at Cardiff University. Mr Lambert and Ms Kay teach this online course through a series of interesting articles, videos and live online events. Feedback on previous course has been very positive with 95%of participants saying that they have felt more confident about interviews after taking part in the course. One participant comments:"This course is really interesting and so well-taught.I had a job interview yesterday and am delighted to say I got the job. Before taking this course,I don't think this would be possible." All course participants will receive a certificate on completing the course. For more information, please visit www. winningatinterviews. com. (10.0分) (1)[填空题] This online course teaches people how to do 1._. The course covers 2._ for interviews and also how to do well during interviews. Both of 3._ this course have lots of experience in teaching people how to do well at interviews. Participants on the course say they feel 4._ interviews after taking part in the course.

In the same way that a child must be able to move his arms and legs before he can learn to walk, the child must physiologically be capable of producing and experiencing particular emotions before these emotions can be modified through learning. Psychologists have found that there are two basic processes by which learning takes place. One kind of learning is called "classical conditioning". This occurs when one event or stimulus is consistently paired with or followed by, a reward or punishment. It is through classical conditioning that a child learns to associates his mother's face and voice with happiness and love, for he learns that this person provides food and comfort. Negative emotions are learned in a similar fashion. The second kind of learning is called "operant conditioning". This occurs when an individual learns to do things that produce rewards in his environment and learns not to do things that produce punishments. For example, if a mother always attends to her baby when he cries and cuddles him until he is quiet, she may teach him that if he cries he will get attention from mother. Thus, the baby will learn to increase his crying in order to have his mother more. Every day, we grow and have new experiences. We constantly learn by reading, watching television, interacting with other people, and so forth. This learning affects our emotions. Why is it that we learn to like some people and dislike others If a person is nice to us, cares about us, we learn to associate this person with positive feelings, such as joy, happiness, and friendliness. On the other hand, if a person is mean to us, does not care about us, and even deliberately does things to harm us, we learn to associate this person with negative feelings, such as unhappiness, discomfort, and anger.The author's main purpose in writing the passage is to （）. A. teach children how to learn to produce and experience certain emotionsB. give the general reader an account of two basic kinds of learningC. give parents some advice on how to modify their children's emotions through learningD. discuss with psychologists how positive and negative feelings are produced

You can buy maps at __ railway station. They all have them.A. allB. everyC. anyD. each

Computers are getting better at writing their own code but software engineers may not need to worry about losing their jobs just yet.DeepMind, a U.K. artificial intelligence lab acquired by Google in 2014, announced Wednesday that it has created a piece of software called AlphaCode that can code just as well as an average human programmer. The London-headquartered firm tested AlphaCode’s abilities in a coding competition on Codeforces — a platform that allows human coders to compete against one another. “AlphaCode placed at about the level of the median competitor, marking the first time an AI code generation system has reached a competitive level of performance in programming competitions,” the DeepMind team behind the tool said in a blogpost.But computer scientist Dzmitry Bahdanau wrote on Twitter that human-level coding is “still light years away.” “The system ranks behind 54.3% participants,” he said, adding that many of the participants are high school or college students who are just learning their problem-solving skills. Bahdanau said most people reading his tweet could “easily train to outperform AlphaCode.”Researchers have been trying to teach computers to write code for decades but the concept has yet to go mainstream, partly because the AI tools that are meant to write new code have not been versatile enough.An AI research scientist, who preferred to remain anonymous as they were not authorized to talk publicly on the subject, told CNBC that AlphaCode is an impressive technical achievement, but a careful analysis is required of the sort of coding tasks it does well on, versus the ones it doesn’t.The scientist said they believe AI coding tools like AlphaCode will likely change the nature of software engineering roles somewhat as they mature, but the complexity of human roles means machines won’t be able to do the jobs in their entirety for some time.“You should think of it as something that could be an assistant to a programmer in the way that a calculator might once have helped an accountant,” Gary Marcus, an AI professor at New York University, told CNBC. “It’s not one-stop shopping that would replace an actual human programmer. We are decades away from that.”DeepMind is far from the only tech company developing AI tools that can write their own code.Last June, Microsoft announced an AI system that can recommend code for software developers to use as they work. The system, called GitHub Copilot, draws on source code uploaded to code-sharing service GitHub, which Microsoft acquired in 2018, as well as other websites. Microsoft and GitHub developed it with help from OpenAI, an AI research start-up that Microsoft backed in 2019. The GitHub Copilot relies on a large volume of code in many programming languages and vast Azure cloud computing power.Nat Friedman, CEO of GitHub, describes GitHub Copilot as a virtual version of what software creators call a pair programmer — that’s when two developers work side-by-side collaboratively on the same project. The tool looks at existing code and comments in the current file, and it offers up one or more lines to add. As programmers accept or reject suggestions, the model learns and becomes more sophisticated over time. The software makes coding faster, Friedman told CNBC. Hundreds of developers at GitHub have been using the Copilot feature all day while coding, and the majority of them are accepting suggestions and not turning the feature off, Friedman said.In a separate research paper published on Friday, DeepMind said it had tested its software against OpenAI’s technology and it had performed similarly. Samim Winiger, an AI researcher in Berlin, told CNBC that every good computer programmer knows that it is essentially impossible to create “perfect code.”“All programs are flawed and will eventually fail in unforeseeable ways, due to hacks, bugs or complexity,” he said.“Hence, computer programming in most critical contexts is fundamentally about building ‘fail safe’ systems that are ‘accountable’.”In 1979, IBM said “computers can never be held accountable” and “therefore a computer must never make a management decision.”Winiger said the question of the accountability of code has been largely ignored despite the hype around AI coders outperforming humans.“Do we really want hyper-complex, intransparent, non-introspectable, autonomous systems that are essentially incomprehensible to most and uncountable to all to run our critical infrastructure?” he asked, pointing to the finance system, food supply chain, nuclear power plants and weapons systems.【小题1】What do we learn about AlphaCode?A．a U.K. artificial intelligence lab acquired by GitHub created it.B．AlphaCode will likely change the nature of software engineering roles somewhat now.C．It’s a one-stop shopping that would replace an actual human programmer.D．It’s a piece of software that can code just as well as a plain human programmer.【小题2】What is the main point of IBM’s view in 1979 according to this passage?A．The question of the accountability of code should be largely ignored.B．A computer must never make a management decision because they can never be held accountable.C．We would let systems that are essentially incomprehensible to most to run our critical infrastructure.D．All programs are flawed and will eventually fail in unforeseeable ways.【小题3】According to the passage, GitHub Copilot couldn’t ________.A．accept or reject suggestionsB．look at existing code in the current fileC．offer up one or more lines to addD．make coding faster【小题4】Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A．Engineers may need to worry about losing their jobs.B．Machines are getting better at writing their own code but human-level is ‘light years away’.C．AlphaCode is an impressive technical achievement.D．Microsoft announced an AI system that can recommend code for software developers.

Organic food has more of the antioxidant (抗氧化剂) compounds linked to better health than regular food, according to the most comprehensive scientific analysis to date. The international team behind the work, led by a professor at Newcastle University, concludes that there are “statistically significant, meaningful” differences, with a range of antioxidants being “substantially higher” in organic food. The increased levels of antioxidants are equivalent to “one to two of the five portions of fruits and vegetables recommended to be consumed daily” and would therefore be significant and meaningful in terms of human nutrition. It is the first study to demonstrate clear and wide-ranging differences between organic and conventional fruits, vegetables and cereals.The Newcastle University’s research, published in the British Journal of Nutrition, is based on an analysis of 343 peer-reviewed studies from around the world – more than ever before – which examine differences between organic and conventional fruits, vegetables and cereals. The researchers conclude that many antioxidants have previously been linked to a reduced risk of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases and certain cancers. But they also note that no long-term studies showing health benefits from a broad organic diet have yet been conducted.The findings will bring to the boil a long-simmering (酝酿) debate over whether those differences in antioxidant levels mean organic food is better for people. A professor of nutrition at King’s College London, said, “The question is whether they are within natural variation, or whether they are nutritionally relevant.”What does the research discussed in this passage conclude?A. Organic food contains higher levels of antioxidants than regular food.B. The amount of protein in organic food is similar to that in regular food.C. Antioxidants bear no direct links to a reduced risk of most cancers.D. Organic food provides twice as much nutrition as in regular food.

Recently, I received this request: "I am writing an article for one of my classes about distance friendship ... People were friends for many years and then they move far away from each other. What changes? What are the chances that the friendship will survive? How do we keep up with all the changes ... and then make our friendship last?" The reader elaborated (详细说明) in a second email, explaining that two of her best friends lived far from her and she had recently met with one of them, but their relationship had now sadly changed. She wondered if "there are friendships that last a lifetime and what to do to have a friendship like that."Unfortunately, while I can ramble on(漫谈) about short-term friendships, I have not experienced many of long-term friendships. My oldest contact is a young woman whom I became acquainted with about ten years ago and who at one point had been my Little Sister through Big Brothers Big Sisters (a non-profit organization whose goal is to help all children reach their potential through professionally supported, one-to-one relationships with volunteer mentors). We see each other annually in December. My longest close friendship is with Andy Frederick whom I first met in the fall of 1996. Hence, to answer my reader's email, I sought the help of friends with more experience with long-term friendships. They came through for me!One friend wrote, "People, in the big picture, are fairly predictable. Long-distance relationships rarely survive past the 'I think of that person once in a while' state." She confessed, "Of all the friendships I have had since I was old enough to make friends, I only have one person I stay in regular contact with who I met in high school. She lives very far away and we manage to get together at least once a year and talk a few times a year beyond that." Otherwise, the friends whom she has managed to stay in contact with are those separated from her by the least amount of distance. She concluded that such is the facts of life. "Out of sight does not necessarily mean out of mind ... but physical distance does create more distance in frequency of thought and emotion."1. In her first email, the reader asked for ______.A. the skill of making friends in lifeB. the information about distance friendshipC. a permission to read an article about friendshipD. an answer to the question of changeable friendship

Questions 19 to 22 are based on the recording you have just heard.19.A. It uses up much less energy than it does in deep thinking.B. It remains inactive without burning calories noticeably.C. It continues to burn up calories to help us stay in shape.D. It consumes almost a quarter of the body’s total energy.

The instructions in the manual were very ______，leaving no room for confusion or mistakes.（ ）A. explicitB. visualC. implicitD. valuable