【题文】British paychologists have found evidence of a link between excessive(过度的) Internet use and depression, a research has shown.Leeds University researchers, writing in the Psychopathology journal, said a small part of Internet users were classed as Internet addicts and that people in this group were more likely to be depressed than non-addicted users.The article on the relationship between excessive Internet use and depression is from a questionnaire-based study of 1,319 young people and adults.The respondents answered questions about how much time they spent on the Internet and what they used it for; they also complete the Beck Depression Inventory---a series of questions designed to measure the seriousness of depression.The six—page report, by the university’s Institute of Psychological Science, said 18 of the people who complete the questionnaire were Internet addict.“Our research indicates that excessive Internet use is associated with depression, but what we don’t know is which comes first—are depressed people drawn to the Internet or does the Internet cause depression?” the article’s lead author Dr Catriona Morrison said.”What is clear is that, for a small part of people, excessive use of the Internet could be warning signal for depressive tendencies.”The age range of all respondents was between 16 and 51 years, with an average age of 21.24. The average age of the 18 Internet addicts was 18.3 years. By comparing the levels of depression within this group to that within a group of 18 non—addicted Internet users, researchers found the Internet addicts had a higher chance of developing depression than non-addicts. They also discovered that addicts spent more time visiting sexually pleasing website, online gaming sites and online communities.“The public speculation（推测）was further proved by this study. That’s to say, over-engaging in websites which serve to replace normal social function might be linked to psychological disorders like depression and addiction,” Morrison said.”We now need to consider the wider social influence of this relationship and clearly prove the effects of excessive Internet use on mental health.”【小题1】Internet addicts are people who ______ according to the passage. A．use the Internet more than enough B．feel depressed when using the Internet C．seldom connect to the Internet D．feel depressed without the Internet 【小题2】What is confirmed by the study according to the passage? A．Depression leads to excessive use of Internet B．Depression results from excessive use of Internet C．Excessive use of internet usually accompanies depression D．Excessive use of internet is usually earlier to depression 【小题3】It is thought by the public that online communities______. A．can never replace normal social function B．are intended to replace normal social function C．are associated with psychological disorders D．shouldn’t take the blame for psychological disorders 【小题4】According to Dr Catriona Morrison, the public speculation________. A．lacks scientific evidence B．helps clarify their study C．finds a theoretical basis D．has little scientific value

What was collected as data by the researchers?A The number of users of UK-based social networking sites.B Respondents' visits to UK-based social networking sites.C Links on UK-based social networking sites.D Respondents' answers to a questionnaire.

Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.A. To persuade children to follow their mother’s suggestions in saving energy.B. To urge the politicians to pass a law on climate change as soon as possible.C. To persuade people to shape energy-saving habits at home.D. To remind people not to forget the energy crisis in the 1970s.

34.判断题GATT was replaced by the WTO in 1995.（）A. 对B. 错

According to Dr. Catriona Morrison, the public speculation______.A. lacks scientific evidenceB. helps clarify their studyC. turns out to be correctD. is worth further study

The age at which kids first fall victim to bullying (欺侮）could influence how strongly they are affected，suggests a new study. And，surprisingly，it is not the youngest kids who are hurt the most in the long term.Bullying can have long-lasting effects，but particularly when it begins in adolescence，the researchers say. People subjected to either verbal ( 口头 上的）or physical bullying are known to be at greater risk of developing depression，anxiety disorders or to behave violently. But not everyone reacts in this way.Children bullied for the first time before they hit adolescence seem to get over it， but those who are bullied for the first time later on in adolescence seem to become more aggressive or are more likely to turn to drink as a means of coping. These are the conclusions of psychologist Matthew Newman and colleagues from the University of Texas at Austin，US.The team gave questionnaires to nearly 1，500 college students regarding their experience of physical and psychological bullying before adolescence—before high school—and in late adolescence—at high school. They assessed mood and mental state，judging by signs of anxiety or depression，such as sleeplessness. The group was also questioned about how they would react to certain challenges，such as humiliation.People who were bullied all revealed slightly higher levels of stress. But while those bullied earlier in life seemed to respond normally to provocation (杉匕畔)，people bullied for thefirst time late in adolescence are more withdrawn and sensitive to violence.There are also sex differences between those bullied for the first time during adolescence， with females more likely to react aggressively when provoked and males are much more likely to turn to alcohol to escape bad situations.The best solution in all cases was strong social support，whether from friends，family or school. Those with no one to share their problems with suffered the most.So perhaps it is best not to shelter children completely from bullying early on，suggests Newman. “They may get stressed，but unhealthy coping really jumps out when they are bullied for the first time later on. ”【小题1】What determines the degree of bullying’s effect on people according to the study? A. The reason why they are bullied. B. The place where they are first bullied. C. The age at which they are first bullied. D. The person who first bullies them. 【小题2】What may happen to those first bullied later on in adolescence according to Newman and his colleagues? A. Some are likely to be more aggressive. B. They seem to easily get over the effect of bullying. C. Most of them will respond to bullying normally. D. Most of them are afraid of sharing their problems. 【小题3】What does the underlined word "humiliation"in Paragraph 4 mean? A. Carrying out an important plan. B. Being made to feel ashamed. C. Trying hard to survive an accident. D. Feeling hopeless in an emergency. 【小题4】The sex differences between people bullied for the first time during adolescence are reflected in . A. the support they get from the society B. the effect bullying has on them C. the way they react to provocation D. the type of bullying they receive

（江西省重点中学盟校2013届高三第二次联考，D）Looking for a new weight loss plan? Try living on top of a mountain. Mountain air contains less oxygen than air at lower altitudes, so breathing it causes the heart to beat faster and the body to burn more energy. A handful of studies have found that athletes training at high altitudes tend to lose weight. Doctor Florian Lippl of the University Hospital of Ludwig-Maximilians-university Munich wondered how the mountain air would affect overweight individuals if they weren' t doing any more physical activity than usual. Lippl and his colleagues invited 20 overweight men to an environmental research station about 300 meters below the summit of Zugspitze, a mountain around 2,970 meters near the Austrian border. They were allowed to eat as much as they liked. The men also gave blood so that researchers could test for hormones linked to appetite and fatness. At the end of the week, the men, whose mean weight starting out was 105kg, had lost on average about l5kg. The men' s blood pressure also dropped, which the researchers believed was due to weight lost. Exactly what caused the weight loss is uncertain. Loss of appetite is common at higher altitudes, and indeed the men ate significantly less than usual—about 700 calories fewer per day. Lippl also notes that because their consumption was being recorded, they may have been more self-conscious about what they ate. Regardless, eating less accounts for just l kg of the l5 kg lost, says Lippl. He thinks the increased metabolic（新陈代谢的）rate, which was measured, also contributed to weight loss but cannot separate the different effects with the given data. Appetite loss at high altitudes could certainly be key, notes Damian Bailey, a physiologist at the University of Glamorgan, UK, who recently lost 11 kg during a 3-month expedition to the Andes in Chile. Unfortunately, for the average person there is no treatment that can resemble living at high altitude, says Lippl. The only alternative is hypobaric chamber, which exposes subjects to low oxygen and isn’t practical as a treatment. He says, half- jokingly, “If fat people plan their holidays, they might not go to the sea, but maybe to the mountain.” 71. What contributes the most to one’s heart rates according to the first paragraph? A. our bodyweight　　　　B. the amount of oxygen providedC. the rates of our breathing　　　　D. the consumption of energy72. Hormones are tested in the research because they can affect. A. one’s bodyweight　　　　B. one’s blood pressureC. one’s way of living　　　　D. one’s metabolic rate73. What was found about the 20 overweight men in the process of the research? A. They controlled what to eat self-consciously. B. They lost appetite because of lack of physical activity. C. They took in much fewer calories than usual. D. They were provided with a healthier diet than before. 74. Why does Damian Bailey agree with the idea of appetite loss at high altitudes? A. He lost much weight in the high altitude Andes. B. He found no other reasons for his loss of weight in the Andes. C. He researched the related subject in the Andes. D. He experimented with the new weight loss plan in the mountain of Zugspitze. 75. In what manner does Lippl talk about the way of losing weight by spending holidays on mountains? A. casual　　　　 B. inaccurate　　　　C. uncertain　　　　D. confident

Getting a solid night's rest when you're sick can seem like an unattainable goal for any number of reasons.It's difficult to fall asleep and stay asleep when you're troubled by a stuffy nose，a constant cough，or other unbearable symptoms（症状）.Fevers can make quality sleep even harder，thanks in part to fever dreams：especially vivid，unbelievable，or downright disturbing dreams that occur when you have a fever. As the Sleep Foundation explains，fever dreams sometimes involve spatial distortion，such as moving walls and melting objects；threats or danger，which can be anything from insects to terrorists；and illness.If you were to have a dream fitting this description when you weren't sick，you might just regard it as a common nightmare（噩梦）.But since people seem to experience such strange dreams more often during fevers，it's given rise to the idea that the two things must be linked. While there's a lot about fever dreams we don't know，there is at least a little evidence supporting the theory that some people's fever dreams are different from their regular dreams.In one study from 2016，researchers asked 62 people to describe past fever dreams and found them to be more unbelievable，more emotionally intense，and often negatively toned than regular dreams from an age and gender matched sample.Of the 164 people who participated in a 2020 survey，100 reported fever dreams.The researchers noted that these dreams included more references to health and temperature sensations（感觉）compared to normal most recent dreams. As for why fevers beget strange nightmares，scientists have some ideas. "One theory is that the brain doesn't process sensations normally when we have a fever，" Dr Beth Malow，director of Vanderbilt University Medical Center's sleep division，told Health in 2020.So burning up in your bed might just clearly show itself in a dream full of melting objects and seemingly unrelated dangers.（1）What might not make you fail to attain quality sleep according to the text？ ____ A.Having a blocked nose.B.Coughing constantly.C.Having dreams.D.Catching a fever.（2）What can we learn about fever dreams from the text？ ____ A.People will certainly dream of some threats or dangers during fevers.B.Fever dreams might make people ill.C.Fever dreams are often viewed as common nightmares.D.People are more likely to have nightmares during fevers.（3）What is the difference between fever dreams and regular dreams？ ____ A.Fever dreams are more incredible to young people.B.Fever dreams may bring stronger emotions.C.Fever dreams occur more frequently.D.Fever dreams may result in higher body temperature.（4）What does the underlined word "beget" mean in the last paragraph？ ____ A.Cause.B.Get.C.Reach.D.Explain.

The Most Annoying Habits of Office WorkersOur survey results are out! When it comes to bad habits in the workplace, it turns out everyone agrees about what the most annoying others are! Here are office workers' worst habits, listed in order of how annoying colleagues find them.5: Eating smelly foodWhat do fish sandwiches, fish ravioli and onion potato chips have in common? According to our survey, they should NOT be eaten in a shared office. Next time you decide to eat lunch at your desk, think about your colleagues. Are you sure they'll enjoy your tuna sandwich as much as you do?4: Talking loudly on the phoneIn open-plan offices, loud phone conversations can be an extra layer of noise pollution. Be aware that your colleagues are trying to concentrate on their work, not yours. Keep the volume down.3: Ignoring emailsWould you ignore someone if they asked you a question in real life? Of course you wouldn't! It would be the same with emails.2: Messy desksDo you think your untidy desk makes you seem creative? Perhaps this is how you see it, but to your colleagues it makes you look lazy and disorganized. Keep your workspace tidy, and create the right impression.1: Smelling badIn a crowded office, no one wants to sit next to someone who smells like old cheese. Make sure you wear clean clothes and deodorant. That way, you'll be helping to make a more pleasant working environment for everyone.11.输入答案____ show what the most annoying workplace habits are.12. Most people think that smelly food ____输入答案____ eaten in a shared office.13. Office workers find it hard to concentrate when 13.________.14. ____输入答案____ loudly on the phone.15. Ignoring emails is another annoying habit.Also, most office workers think that messy desks make their colleagues look lazy.

Section CDirections: There are two passages in this section. Each passage i followed bysome questions or unfinished statement. For each of them there are four choicesmarked A), B) C) and D) You should decide on the best choice.Fassage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.The age at which kidfirtfallvictim t bulying (欺侮) could influence how tronglythey are affected suggest a new study And surprisingly,ti notthe youngest kids whoare hurt the mo n the long term. Bullying can have longlasting effects but particularlywhen it begin in adolescence (青春期) the researchers say.People subjected to either oral or physical bullying are known to be at greater risk fordeveloping depression, anxiety disorders or to behave violently. But not everyone react inthis way. Children bullied for the first time before they hit adolescence seem to get overit, but those who are victimized for the first time late on in adolescence seem to becomemore aggressive or are more likely to turn to drinking as a means of coping. These arethe conclusions of psychologit Matthew Newman and his colleagues from the Universityof Texas at Austin, U.S.The team gave questionnaires to nearly 1,500 college students regarding theirexperience of physical and psychological bullying before adolescence - before highschool - and in late adolescence - at high schoo. They assessed mood and mentalstate judging by signs of anxiety or depression,such as sleeplessnes. The group was alsoquestioned about how they would react to certain challenges such as being embarrassedor provoked.People who were bullied all revealed slightly higher levels of stress. But while thosebullied earier in life seemed to respond normally to provocation, people bullied for thefirst time late in adolescence are more withdrawn and sensitive to violence.The best solution was strong social support whether from friends, family or school.Those with no one to share their problems with suffered the mos.So perhap it i best not to shelter children completely from bullying early on, suggestsNewman. “They may get stressed, but unhealthy coping really jumps out when they arebullied for the frsttime later on." The effects are likely to be related to the developingstress hormone system, which matures during adolescence, he concludes. Studies showabnormal stress responses in adult animals that experience social stress or aggressionfrom other animal during adolescence.21. The study suggests that the age at which a kid begins to be bullied is related toA)how long it influence lastsB)how intenseits influence isC)how much itsinfluence can be eliminatedD)how much itinfluences his adolescence22. According to Newman, children who were first bullied in adolescence wouldA)seldom behave violentlyB)forge aboutthe bullingC)be morelikely to be drunkD)become more aggressive23 The 1,500 college student involved in the study were asked how they would dealwithA)depression and anxietyB)sleeplessnessC)mood and mental stateD)embarrassment and provocation24. Whatisthe best help to the victims of bullying?A)Waiting untilthey want to talk aboutit.B)Asking them tofacet direcly.C)Helping and comforting them right away.D)Sheltering them from tfor a time.25. Why do people bulied forthe first time in adolescence suffr most?A)They lack socialsuppor.B)They do notseek proper solutions.C)Theirstress hormone system i fully developed then.D)There is no one who sharestheir problems.