一、单项选择题（共50小题，共75.0分） 48、Nothing happened ___ they got the photo developed, When they looked at the photo, they saw something hanging from the tree. bigcircA. until bigcircB. when bigcircC. unless bigcircD. since
Passage Two"One of the reasons I find this topic very interesting is because my mom was a smoker when I was younger," says Lindson·Hawley, who studies tobacco and health at the University of Oxford.By studying about 700 adult smokers, she found out that her mom quit the right way—by stopping abruptly and completely.In her study, participants were randomly（随机地）assigned to two groups. One had to quit abruptly on a given day, going from about a pack a day to zero. The other cut down gradually over the course of two weeks. People in both groups used nicotine（尼古丁）patches before they quit, in addition to a second form of nicotine replacement, like gum or spray. They also had talk therapy with a nurse before and after quit day.Six months out, more people who had quit abruptly had stuck with it—more than one-fifth of them, compared to about one-seventh in the other group. Although these numbers appear low, it is much higher than if people try without support.And the quit rates were particularly convincing given that before the study started, most of the people had said they'd rather cut down gradually before quitting. "If you're training for a marathon, you wouldn't expect to turn up and just be able to run it. And I think people see that for smoking as well. They think, ' Well, if I gradually reduce, it's like practice,'" says Lindson·Hawley. But that wasn't the case. Instead of giving people practice, the gradual reduction likely gave them cravings（痛）and withdrawal symptoms before they even reached quit day, which could be why fewer people in that group actually made it to that point. "Regardless of your stated preference, if you're ready to quit, quitting abruptly is more effective," says Dr. Gabriela Ferreira. "When you can quote a specific number like a fifth of the patients were able to quit, that's compelling. It gives them the encouragement, I think, to really go for it," Ferreira says.People rarely manage to quit the first time they try. But at least, she says, they can maximize the odds of success.What does Lindson·Hawley say about her mother?A.She quit smoking with her daughter's help.B.She succeeded in quitting smoking abruptly.C.She was also a researcher of tobacco and health.D.She studied the smoking patterns of adult smokers.What kind of support did smokers receive to quit smoking in Lindson·Hawley's study?A.They were given physical training.B.They were looked after by physicians.C.They were encouraged by psychologists.D.They were offered nicotine replacements.How does Dr. Gabriela Ferreira view the result of Lindson·Hawley's experiment?A.It is idealized.B.It is unexpected.C.It is encouraging.D.It is misleading.The idea of "a marathon" （Line 2, Para.5． illustrates the popular belief that quitting smoking .A.is something few can accomplishB.needs some practice firstC.requires a lot of patienceD.is a challenge at the beginningWhat happens when people try to quit smoking gradually?A.They find it even more difficult.B.They are simply unable to make it.C.They show fewer withdrawal symptoms.D.They feel much less pain in the process.
Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.After earning a bachelor's degree, I was determined to do what I love. I headed straight to graduate school to investigate the social problems that fascinated me.For almost a decade, I told everyone I encountered that they should do the same. "Follow your passion," I counseled. "You can figure out the employment stuff later."It wasn't until I began to research this widely accepted career advice that I understood how problematic it really was.As a sociologist, I interviewed college students and professional workers to learn what it really meant to pursue their dreams, which I will refer to here as the passion principle. I was stunned by what I found out about this principle in the research for my new book.Surveys show the American public has long held the passion principle in high regard as a career decision-making priority. And its popularity is even stronger among those facing job instability.Advocates of the passion principle found it compelling because they believed that following one's passion can provide workers with both the motivation necessary to work hard and a place to find fulfillment.Yet, what I found is that following one's passion does not necessarily lead to fulfillment, but is one of the most powerful cultural forces perpetuating overwork. I also found that promoting the pursuit of one's passion helps perpetuate social inequalities due to the fact that not everyone has the same economic resources to allow them to pursue their passion with ease.While the passion principle is broadly popular, not everyone has the necessary resources to turn their passion into a stable, good-paying job. Passion-seekers from wealthy families are better able to wait until a job they are passionate about comes along without worrying about student loans in the meantime. They are also better situated to take unpaid internships to get their foot in the door while their parents pay their rent. And they often have access to parents' social networks to help them find jobs. Surveys revealed that working-class and first-generation college graduates, regardless of their career field, are more likely than their wealthier peers to end up in low-paying unskilled jobs when they pursue their passion.Colleges, workplaces and career counselors who promote the "follow your passion" path for everyone, without leveling the playing field, help perpetuate socioeconomic inequalities among career aspirants.It's not just well-off passion-seekers who benefit from the passion principle. Employers of passionate workers do, too. Potential employers showed greater interest in passionate applicants in part because they believed the applicants would work hard at their jobs without expecting an increase in pay. They even sacrifice a good salary, job stability and leisure time to work in a job they love.51. What did the author advise people to do for almost a decade?A) Figure out what is the most fascinating job.B) Follow widely accepted career counsel.C) Pursue their careers with passion.D) Do whatever they are zealous for.52. How did the author feel about the passion principle through his research?A) He was astonished by its consequences.B) He was further convinced of its soundness.C) He was actually right to follow it through.D) He was struck by its broad popularity.53. What is important to turning one's passion into a stable, good-paying job?A) Willingness to take unpaid internships and low-paying jobs.B) Full academic preparedness and sound career counseling.C) Hard work and sacrifice of leisure time.D) Financial backing and social connections.54. What happens when everyone is encouraged to follow their passion?A) Many more career aspirants end up unemployed.B) People are less concerned with socioeconomic inequality.C) Socioeconomic inequality is likely to persist.D) Career counselors are going to lose credibility.
Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: Suppose the university newspaper is inviting submissions from the students for its coming edition on how the students can contribute to a green campus. You are now to write an essay for submission. You will have 30 minutes to write the essay. You should write at least underline(120) words but no more than underline(180) words.
1.You should convince them __ your enthusiasm-|||-for the job.
Imagine you enter a car with no steering wheel， no brake or accelerator pedals （踏板）． Under a voice-activated command， you say an address． "The fastest route will take us 15.3 minutes． Should I take it？" You say "yes" and you are on your way． The car responds and starts moving all by itself． All you have to do is sit back and relax． How weird would it be if， one day in the future， everyone had such a car？ No crazy driving， no insults， no cutting in； traffic laws would be respected and driving much safer． On the other hand， imagine the cost savings for local police enforcement and town budgets without all those speeding and parking tickets． A new technology has the potential to change modern society in radical ways． There's no question that self-driving vehicles could be an enormous benefit． The potential for safer cars means accident statistics would drop： some 94% of road accidents in the U．S involve human error． Older drivers and visually- or physically-impaired people would gain a new level of freedom． Maintaining safe speeds and being electric， self-driving cars would drastically reduce pollution levels and dependency on non-renewable fuels． Roads would be quieter， people safer． But we must also consider the impact of the new technology on those who now depend on driving for their livelihoods． According to the U．S． Department of Labor． In May 2015 there were 505，560 registered school bus drivers． The American Trucking association lists approximately 3.5 million professional truck drivers in the U．S． The companies developing self-driving vehicles should be partnering with state and federal authorities to offer retraining for this massive workforce， many of whom will be displaced by the new technology． This is similar to what's happening in the coal and oil industries， a situation that fuels much of the current political discontent in this country． New technologies will， and should， be developed． This is how society moves forward． However， progress can't be one-sided． It is necessary for the companies and state agencies involved to consider the ethical consequences of these potential changes to build a better future for all．（1）What would be the impact of the extensive use of driverless car？___A． People would be driving in a more civilized way．B． It would save local governments a lot of money．C． More policemen would be patrolling the streets．D． Traffic regulations would be a thing of the past．（2）How would the elderly and the disabled benefit from driverless cars？___A． They could enjoy greater mobility．B． They would suffer no road accidents．C． They would have no trouble driving．D． They could go anywhere they want．（3）What is the result of the introduction of new technologies in energy industries？___A． Political dissatisfaction．B． Retraining of employees．C． Fossil fuel conservation．D． Business restructuring．（4）What would be the negative impact of driverless cars？___A． The conflict between labor and management would intensify．B． The gap between various sectors of society would be widened．C． Professional drivers would have a hard time adapting to new road conditions．D． Numerous professional drivers would have to find new ways of earning a living．（5）What does the author suggest businesses and the government do？___A． Keep pace with technological developments．B． Make new technologies affordable to everyone．C． Enable everyone to benefit from new technologies．D． Popularize the use of new technologies and devices
23.(填空题，2分)The____in the sales led to a cut in the pay.(下降)X deend教师批阅得0分
There are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on your answer sheet.______vastness of the Grand Canyon, it is difficult to capture it in a single photograph.A. While theB. TheC. For theD. Because of the
As Artificial Intelligence（AI） becomes increasingly sophisticated（复杂的）， there are growing concerns that robots could become a threat． This danger can be avoided， according to computer science professor Stuart Russell， if we figure out how to turn human values into a programmable code． Russell argues that as robots take on more complicated tasks， it's necessary to translate our morals into AI language． For example， if a robot does chores around the house， you wouldn't want it to put the pet cat in the oven to make dinner for the hungry children． "You would want that robot preloaded with a good set of values， " said Russell． Some robots are already programmed with basic human values． For example， mobile robots have been programmed to keep a comfortable distance from humans． Obviously there are cultural differences， but if you were talking to another person and they came up close in your personal space， you wouldn't think that's the kind of thing a properly brought-up person would do． It will be possible to create more sophisticated moral machines， if only we can find a way to set out human values as clear rules． Robots could also learn values from drawing patterns from large sets of data on human behavior． They are dangerous only if programmers are careless． The biggest concern with robots going against human values is that human beings fail to so sufficiently test and they've produced a system that will break some kind of taboo（禁忌）． One simple check would be to program a robot to check the correct course of action with a human when presented with an unusual situation． If the robot is unsure whether an animal is suitable for the microwave， it has the opportunity to stop， send out beeps（嘟嘟声）， and ask for directions from a human． If we humans aren't quite sure about a decision， we go and ask somebody else． The most difficult step in programming values will be deciding exactly what we believe in moral， and how to create a set of ethical（道德的） rules． But if we come up with an answer， robots could be good for humanity．（1）What does the author say about the threat of robots？ ____ A．It may constitute a challenge to computer progranmers．B．It accompanies all machinery involving high technology．C．It can be avoided if human values are translated into their language．D．It has become an inevitable peril as technology gets more sophisticated．（2）What would we think of a person who invades our personal space according to the author？ ____ A．They are aggressive．B．They are outgoing．C．They are ignorant（无知的）．D．They are ill-bred．（3）How do robots learn human values？ ____ A．By interacting with humans in everyday life situations．B．By following the daily routines of civilized human beings．C．By picking up patterns from massive data on human behavior．D．By imitating the behavior of property brought-up human beings．（4）What is most difficult to do when we turn human values into a programmable code？ ____ A．Determine what is moral and ethical．B．Design some large-scale experiments．C．Set rules for man-machine interaction．D．Develop a more sophisticated program．
阅读理解 America is a country on the move．In unheard-of numbers, people of all ages are exercising their way to better health．According to the latest figures, 59 per cent of American adults exercise regularly－up 12 percent from just two years ago and more than double the figure of 25 years ago．Even non-exercisers believe they would be more attractive and confident if they were more active． It is hard not to get the message．The virtues of physical fitness are shown on magazine covers, postage stamps, and television ads of everything from beauty soaps to travel books．Exercise as a part of daily life did not catch on until the late 1960s when research by military doctors began to show the health benefits of doing regular physical exercises．Growing publicity(宣传)for races held in American cities helped fuel a strong interest in the ancient sport of running．Although running has leveled off in recent years as Americans have discovered equally rewarding－and sometimes safer－forms of exercise, such as walking and swimming, running remains the most popular form of exercise． As the popularity of exercise continues to mount, so does scientific evidence of its health benefits．The key to fitness is exercising the major muscle groups vigorously(强有力地)enough to approximately double the heart rate and keep it doubled for 20 to 30 minutes at a time．Doing such physical exercises three times or more a week will produce considerable improvements in physical health in about three months． (1) It can be learnt from the passage that the health benefits of exercise ________． [ ] A． are to be further studied B． are self-evident C． are yet to be proved D． are supported by scientific evidence (2) A growing interest in sports developed after ________． [ ] A． an increasing number of races were held in American cities B． research showed their health benefits C． scientific evidence of health benefits was shown on TV ads D． people got the message from magazine covers and postage stamps (3) Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? [ ] A． Exercise－The Road to Health． B． Scientific Evidence of Health Benefits C． Different Forms of Exercise D． Running－A Popular Form of Sport
热门问题
选择合适的单词补全句子。-|||-I __ in the city.-|||-live lives
拼写合适的单词补全句子 ( 答案不区分大小写 ; 单词提示中一根小短线代表一个 字母 ) If there is a bo-- in the economy, there is an increase in economic activity.
拼写合适的单词补全句子（答案不区分大小写；单词提示中一根小短线代表一个字母） Someone or something that is so---- is very serious rather than cheerful or humorous.
question or statement.Hot pot is a traditional dish in China. It is believed to date back more than 1,000 years to the time of the Jin Dynasty. Hot pot's origins can be found in the dining practices of Mongolian horsemen who rode across the steppe and into northern China. Legend has it that the Mongols used their helmets as pots to simmer (炖) broth (汤底) over open fires, and cooked chunks of meat in the broth.Hot pot cooking seems to have spread to northern China during the Tang Dynasty. In the regional variations developed with different ingredients such as seafood. In the centuries that witnessed the growth of the Song Dynasty, hot pot moved — and changed — further south, with each successive region adapting it to their local ingredients and tastes.The ingredients in a hot pot vary a lot from region to region. Perhaps the most famous hot pot is the Chongqing or Sichuan hot pot. It features a dark red broth chock-full (塞满了的) of spices, chili peppers, and the uniquely mouth-numbing Sichuan peppers. In Beijing and elsewhere in the north, hot pot broth tends to be mild and, compared to its racy southern "cousins", a little light. In the northeast of China, a kind of local sauerkraut (酸菜) is used to add some tang (强烈的味道), making the broth a bit sour. People can choose a version of hot pot according to their taste.1 Hot pot is believed to date back more than 1,000 years to the time of _______.A. the Jin Dynasty B. the Tang DynastyC. the Song Dynasty D. the Yuan Dynasty
Elder and weaker Mr. Mag paid_visits to his old friends.A. scarceB. rare()C. insufficientD. inadequate
拼写合适的单词补全句子(答案不区分大小写;单词提提示中一根小短线代表一个字母)Something that is inf- - - - - has no limit,end,or edge.
一、拼写合适的单词补全句子（答案不区分大小写；单词提示中一根小短线代表一个字母） If someone is __ob---__ , they are extremely fat.
6. The children will now play some pieces of music that they ______ themselves. A.were taught posed C.accomplished D.worked7. While she waited,she tried to ______ her mind with pleasant thoughts of the vacation. A.occupy pose C.think D.intensify8. In the film,the peaceful life of a monk ______ the violent life of a murderer. A.is compared with B.is compared to C.is contrasted to D.is contrasted with9. ______ to pay for an order is simplicity itself. A.Use plastic B.Using plastics C.Using plastic D.Used plastic10. Additional time is required for cooking or ______ homemade dishes. A.chill B.to chill C.chilled D.chilling
If you_________in a job for several years, you may be able to accumulate a lot of work experience and skills that would be beneficial to your future career development.A. have workedB. had workedC. have been workingD. had been working
拼写合适的单词补全句子 ( 答案不区分大小写 ; 单词提示中一根小短线代表一个 字母 ) To aut _ _ _ _ _ a factory , office , or industrial process means to put in machines which can do the work instead of people.
ⅢComplete the following sentences with the given sentence structures-|||-get ready for.sa为························备-|||-e.g.Susan has to buy a lot of things to get ready for her trip.(苏珊不得不买很多东西为旅行做准备。)-|||-1 The boy got up early to __ (为上学做准备).-|||-2 I have a lot of work to do to __ (为明天做准备).
These drugs are available over-the-counter without a(n)__________. （）A. infectionB. dosageC. prescription
The coming of the railways in the 1830s ________ our society and economic life.A. transferredB. transformedC. transportedD. transmitted
拼写合适的单词补全句子 ( 答案不区分大小写 ; 单词提示中一根小短线代表一个字母 ) A seq----- of events or things is a number of events or things that come one after another in a particular order.
拼写合适的单词补全句子 ( 答案不区分大小写 ; 单词提示中根小短线代表一个 字母 ) A va---- is a space that contains no air or other gas.
选择合适的单词补全句子
The Harry Potter series, written by J.K. Rowling, is perhaps the most popular set of novels of the modern era. With seven books and many successful films to its name, the series has gathered about 15 billion dollars in sales. How did the series become so popular? The reason can be broken down into several areas.The first book in the series was rejected 12 times before it was picked up by Bloomsbury—a small publisher in England. So receiving this contract was Rowling's first step to success. However, getting a book contract does not ensure the success of a book. The story was soon loved by children and adults alike. In light of this, Bloomsbury Publishing published a second version of the books with “adult” (less colorful and more boring) book covers. This made it easier for a full range of ages to enjoy the series.Another factor that worked like a charm was that the publisher and Rowling herself, through the books, conducted midnight releases, promotions, and pre-ordering more readers. Customers who feared that their local bookstore would run out of copies responded by pre-ordering over 700,000 copies before the July 8, 2000 release.What does the underlined word “releases” (Para. 3) mean?A. The activity that frees or expresses energy or emotion.B. The announcement about the book’s publishing information.C. The sales of books that is available only at midnight.
拼写合适的单词补全句子 ( 答案不区分大小写 ; 单词提示中一根小短线代表一个 字母 ) To enh ---- something means to improve its value, quality, or attractiveness.
The increase in international business and in foreign investment has created a need for executives with knowledge of foreign languages and skills in cross-cultural communication. Americans, however, have not been well trained in either area and, consequently, have not enjoyed the same level of success in negotiation in an international arena as have their foreign counterparts. Negotiating is the process of communicating back and forth for the purpose of reaching an agreement. It involves persuasion and compromise, but in order to participate in either one, the negotiators must understand the ways in which people are persuaded and how compromise is reached within the culture of the negotiation. In many international business negotiations abroad, Americans are perceived as wealthy and impersonal. It often appears to the foreign negotiator that the American represents a large multi-million-dollar corporation that can afford to pay the price without bargaining further. The American negotiator’s role becomes that of an impersonal supplier of information and cash. In studies of American negotiators abroad, several traits have been identified that may serve to confirm this stereotypical perception, while undermining the negotiator’s position. Two traits in particular that cause cross-cultural misunderstanding are directness and impatience on the part of the American negotiator. Furthermore, American negotiators often insist on realizing short-term goals. Foreign negotiators, on the other hand, may value the relationship established between negotiators and may be willing to invest time in it for long-term benefits. In order to solidify the relationship, they may opt for indirect interactions without regard for the time involved in getting to know the other negotiator. Clearly, perceptions and differences in values affect the outcomes of negotiations and the success of negotiators. For Americans to play a more effective role in international business negotiations, they must put forth more effort to improve cross-cultural understanding. [共5题](1)What kind of manager is needed in present international business and foreign investment? [本题2分]A. The man who represents a large multi-million-dollar corporation. B. The man with knowledge of foreign languages and skills in cross-cultural communication. C. The man who is wealthy and impersonal. D. The man who can negotiate with his foreign counterparts.